Section E: Answer the case-based question given below.
iii. B. Study Mendel’s cross between two plants with a pair of contrasting characters.
RRYY (Round Yellow) × rryy (Wrinkled Green)
He observed 4 types of combinations in F2 generation. Which of these were new combinations? Why do new features which are not present in the parents, appear in F2 generation?
RRYY (Round Yellow) × rryy (Wrinkled Green)
He observed 4 types of combinations in F2 generation. Which of these were new combinations? Why do new features which are not present in the parents, appear in F2 generation?
In Mendel's experiments on inheritance, he discovered the Law of Independent Assortment, which explains how genes for different traits segregate independently during gamete formation. For example, in a cross between plants with contrasting traits, the observed combinations in the F2 generation were Round Yellow (RRYY), Round Green (RRyy), Wrinkled Yellow (rrYY), and Wrinkled Green (rryy).
In the F2 generation, new combinations such as were observed. These combinations were not present in the parental generation, indicating that they resulted from alleles independently assorting during gamete formation. The emergence of these new combinations can be attributed to Mendel's Laws of Independent Assortment and Segregation, which contribute to genetic diversity in offspring.
The states that gene variants for different traits separate independently during the formation of reproductive cells.
For example, when considering seed shape (round or wrinkled) and seed colour (yellow or green), the alleles for these traits segregate independently. As a result, each combination of seed shape and colour is equally likely in the offspring, allowing for the appearance of new combinations not seen in the parents.